Essential Transformer Regulations Guide for Safety Compliance

Ho utloisisa Melao ea Transformer

 

Ha ho tluoa tabengmelao ea li-transformer, ho mamela ha se khothaletso feela;ke tlhokahalo ea mantlha sebakeng sa polokeho ea motlakase.Ho hlokomoloha litekanyetso tsena ho ka baka litlamorao tse mpe, joalo ka ha ho bonts'itsoe ke lipatlisiso tse bonts'ang hore karolo e kholo ea liphoso tsa li-transformer li bakoa ke litaba tse amanang le moralo, tlhahiso, thepa kapa ho kenya.Ho feta moo, mekhoa e sa lokelang ea tlhokomelo e bapala karolo e kholo ho hloleheng hona.Ka hona, ho utloisisa likotsi tse amanang le ho se ikobele melao ho hatisa tlhokahalo ea tataiso e felletseng mabapi le bohlokoa.melao ea li-transformer.

 

Kakaretso ea Melao ea Transformer

Bohlokoa ba Boikamahanyo

Ho etsa bonnete ba ho khomarelamelao ea li-transformere bohlokoa hoho sireletsa bophelo le thepa.Ka ho latela litekanyetso tsena, batho ka bomong le mekhatlo ba kenya letsoho ho boloka tikoloho e sireletsehileng moo lisebelisoa tsa motlakase li sebetsang hantle le ka botšepehi.Ho beha melao pele ha ho fokotse likotsi feela empa ho boetse ho khothalletsa moetlo oa boikarabello mabapi le polokeho ea motlakase.

Mekhatlo ea Bohlokoa ea Taolo

Mekhatlo ea taolo e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho theha le ho phethahatsamelao ea li-transformerho ts'ehetsa maemo a indasteri le ho netefatsa polokeho ea ts'ebetso.Mekhatlo e kang International Electrotechnical Commission (IEEE) ba ka pele-pele ho beha litataiso tse laolang moralo, ts'ebetso le tlhokomelo ea li-transformer.Liprothokholo tsa bona tse thata li sebetsa e le litšiea tse tšehetsang botšepehi le ts'ebetso ea li-transformer lefatšeng ka bophara.

 

Melawana le Maemo a Khethehileng

UL,KOLO, VDE, CELitekanyetso

Ho latela litekanyetso tse tsebahalang joalo ka Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Mokhatlo oa Maemo oa Canada (KOLO), Verband der Elektrotechnik (VDE), le Conformité Européenne (CE) e bohlokoa bakeng sa ho netefatsa polokeho ea transfoma.Litekanyetso tsena li hlakisa litlhoko tse ikhethileng tseo li-transformer li tlamehang ho li fihlela ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng le ho fokotsa likotsi tse ka bang teng.

ISO9001 Litlhoko

Ho kenyelletsa melaoana ea tsamaiso ea boleng ea Mokhatlo oa Machaba oa Boemo (ISO) ts'ebetsong ea li-transformer ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho fihlela boleng bo tsitsitseng le ho ntlafatsa khotsofalo ea bareki.Ho iphaphatha le litlhoko tsa ISO 9001 ho totobatsa boitlamo ba mokhatlo ho fana ka lihlahisoa tse tšepahalang tse fihlelang litekanyetso tsa taolo.

 

Melao ea Transformer Libakeng tse Fapaneng

amerika e leboea

Sebaka sa taolo Amerika Leboea se kenyelletsa lethathamo la litataiso tse fapaneng tse reretsoeng ho khothaletsa polokeho ea motlakase liindastering tse fapaneng.Ho utloisisa likarolo tsa libaka ke senotlolo sa ho tsamaisa marang-rang a rarahaneng amelao ea li-transformerka katleho.

Europe

Europe e na le moralo o matla oa melaoana o etselitsoeng ho hokahanya mekhoa ea polokeho le litekanyetso tsa tekheniki sebakeng seo.Ho latela litaelo tsa Europe ho netefatsa hore li-transformer li fihlela litekanyetso tse thata tsa ts'ebetso le ts'epahalo.

Asia

Mmaraka oa Asia o fana ka mathata a ikhethang mabapi lemelao ea li-transformer, e hlokang kutloisiso e felletseng ea melao ea lehae le litlhoko tse ikhethileng indastering.Ho ikamahanya le meralo ea taolo Asia ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e se nang moeli ka har'a maemo ana a matla a moruo.

 

Maemo a Bohlokoa a Tšireletso

Ho netefatsa polokeho hokaho ea transformer, ts'ebetso, le tlhokomelo li bohlokoa ho thibela likotsi le ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng.Ho khomarela litekanyetso tsa indasteri tse kangNFPA 70leIEEE Standard C57.98e theha motheo oa mekhoa e sireletsehileng ea ho kenya li-transformer.

 

Melao ea Tšireletso bakeng sa Kaho

NFPA70

• LatelaLitataiso tsa NFPA 70ka hloko nakong ea kaho ea transformer.
• Kenya ts'ebetsong mekhoa e nepahetseng ea motheo ho thibela likotsi tsa motlakase.
• Netefatsa ho tsamaellana le litlhoko tsa insulation ho boloka botsitso ba ts'ebetso.

IEEE Standard C57.98

• KenelaIEEE Standard C57.98bakeng sa lintlha tse hlakileng tsa moralo oa transformer.
• Netefatsa hore likarolo tsohle li finyella litekanyetso tse thata tsa maemo.
• Bea pele mehato ea polokeho nakong ea mokhahlelo oa kaho ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e tšepahalang.

 

Melao ea Tšireletso bakeng sa Ts'ebetso

NFPA 780

• LatelaMelao ea NFPA 780bakeng sa mekhoa e sebetsang ea tšireletso ea lehalima.
• Kamehla hlahloba le ho boloka lisebelisoa tsa tšireletso ea lehalima ho fokotsa likotsi.
• Etsa litlhahlobo tsa nako le nako ho netefatsa ho latela melaoana ea polokeho.

NFPA 850

• PhethahatsaLikhothaletso tsa NFPA 850bakeng sa tšireletso e matlafalitsoeng ea mollo ho li-transformer.
• Kenya litsamaiso tse nepahetseng tsa ho thibela mollo tse ipapisitseng le litataiso tsa NFPA.
• Lekola li-transformer tse tletseng oli ka hloko ho thibela likotsi tse ka bang teng tsa mollo.

 

Melao ea Tšireletso bakeng sa Tlhokomelo

Litataiso tsa Tlhahlobo

• Latela ka botlalolitataiso tsa tlhahloboho lemoha mathata a ka bang teng esale pele.
• Kamehla hlahloba maemo a oli, likhokahano, le boemo ba transfoma ka kakaretso.
• Ho rarolla mathata afe kapa afe a fumanoeng ka potlako ho thibela tšenyo e 'ngoe.

Melao ea Tlhokomelo

• Theha matlaliprothokholo tsa tlhokomeloe thehiloeng ho mekhoa e metle ea indasteri.
• Etsa liteko tse tloaelehileng tsa tlhahlobo ea oli ho lekola boemo ba insulation (Insulation Power Factor).
• Hlahloba liphetoho hokhanyetso ea insulationmaemo khafetsa (Khanyetso ea Insulation) e le karolo ea mehato ea thibelo ea tlhokomelo.

Ka ho khomarela ka tieo litekanyetso tsena tsa polokeho, mekhatlo e ka fokotsa likotsi tse amanang le ts'ebetso ea li-transformer le ho netefatsa sebaka se sireletsehileng sa ho sebetsa bakeng sa basebetsi ba amehang mesebetsing ea tlhokomelo.

 

Teko le Tlhokomelo

 

Bohlokoa ba Teko ea Kamehla

Teko ea kamehla ke karolo ea motheo eatlhokomelo ea transformere netefatsang tshebetso e nepahetseng le bophelo bo bolelele.Ka ho etsa liteko tse tloaelehileng, mekhatlo e khona ho tseba litaba tse ka bang teng pele li fetoha liphoso tse kholo.Khafetsa ea liteko tsena e lokela ho ikamahanya le boholo le bohlokoa ba transformer, e ikamahanye le mekhoa e metle ea indasteri ho ts'ehetsa katleho ea ts'ebetso.

 

Mefuta ea Liteko

1. Tlhahlobo ea Pono: Tlhahlobo ea pono e sebetsa e le sesebelisoa sa pele sa tlhahlobo se tlang ntle le litšenyehelo tse ling.Mokhoa ona o lumella basebetsi ba tlhokomelo ho lekola boemo ba transformer ka mahlo, ho tseba matšoao leha e le afe a bonahalang a ho felloa ke matla, tšenyo kapa lintho tse sa tloaelehang.
2. Tlhahlobo ea oli: Teko ea oli ke mokhoa oa bohlokoa o hlahlobang boleng le boemo ba oli e sireletsang ka har'a transformer.Ka ho sekaseka lisampole tsa oli nako le nako, mekhatlo e ka bona litšila, maemo a mongobo le matšoao a ho senyeha a ka amang ts'ebetso ea li-transformer.
3. Ho hlahlojoa ha Infrared: Infrared scanning ke mokhoa o sa hlaseleng o sebelisetsoang ho bona libaka tse chesang kapa tse sa tloaelehang tsa mocheso ka har'a likarolo tsa transformer.Mokhoa ona oa thibelo o thusa ho hloaea lintlha tse ka bang teng tse amanang le likhokahano tsa motlakase kapa ho senyeha ha insulation.

 

Liteko tse Tloaelehileng tsa Transformer

Ho hanyetsana le Maqhubu

Teko ea ho hanyetsa maqhubu ke ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ho hlahloba botšepehi ba li-winding tsa transformer.Ka ho lekanya litekanyetso tsa ho hanyetsa, lihlopha tsa tlhokomelo li ka hlahloba tsoelo-pele ea motlakase le ho tseba lintho tse sa tloaelehang tse ka lebisang ho feteletseng kapa ho se sebetse hantle.

Teko ea Megger

Teko ea Megger, eo hape e tsejoang e le tlhahlobo ea ho hanyetsa insulation, e lekola thepa ea ho kenella ka har'a mapheo a transformer.Teko ena e thusa ho bona ho putlama ho fe kapa hofe kapa maqhubu a lutla a ka senyang polokeho le ts'ebetso ea transformer.

Transformer e Fetola Karo-karolelano

Teko ea karo-karolelano ea Transformer e netefatsa karo-karolelano lipakeng tsa mapheo a mantlha le a bobeli.Liphapang ka ho fapanyetsana karo-karolelano li ka bontša liphoso tse kang ho thinyetsa ha nako e khutšoanyane kapa ho holofala ha matsoelintsoeke, ho totobatsa libaka tse hlokang tlhokomelo ea hang-hang.

Teko ea Moroalo-Tahlehelo

Teko ea tahlehelo ea mojaro e kenyelletsa ho kenya mojaro ho transformer le ho lekanya tahlehelo tlasa maemo a ts'ebetso.Teko ena e lekola bokhoni ba transformer ka ho lekola tahlehelo ea matla nakong ea ts'ebetso e tloaelehileng, e fana ka leseli mabapi le ts'ebetso ea eona ka kakaretso.

Leak Test

Teko ea ho lutla e etsoa ho hlahloba hore na ha ho na ho lutla hofe kapa hofe ho li-transformer tse tlatsitsoeng ka oli tse ka bakang tahlehelo kapa tšilafalo.Ho lemoha ho lutla kapele ho thibela likotsi tsa tikoloho le ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea transformer.

 

Mekhoa e tsoetseng pele ea liteko

OliTlhahlobisiso ea Khase e Khaotsoeng

Tlhahlobo ea khase e qhibilihisitsoeng ke mokhoa o tsoetseng pele o sebelisoang ho lekola likhase tse qhibilihang ka har'a oli e sireletsang.Ka ho sekaseka likhakanyo tsa khase, litsebi tsa tlhokomelo li ka bona liphoso tse qalang tse kang ho chesa haholo, ho qhoqhoa kapa ho tsoa ka mokhoa o itseng ka har'a transformer.

Insulation Power Factor

Teko ea matla a insulation e lekola tahlehelo ea dielectric ho lisebelisoa tsa ho kenya letsoho tse sebelisoang ho li-transformer.Ho beha leihlo liphetoho tsa boleng ba matla ha nako e ntse e ea ho thusa ho lekola boemo ba ho kenya letsoho le ho bolela esale pele liphoso tse ka bang teng pele li etsahala.

Khanyetso ea Insulation

Teko ea ho hanyetsa insulation e lekanya khanyetso e fanoang ke lisebelisoa tsa ho itšireletsa khahlanong le phallo ea hona joale.Teko ena e supa bofokoli bofe kapa bofe kapa ho putlama ha bots'epehi ba ho koala sekheo, e leng se nolofalletsang mehato e potlakileng ho boloka polokeho le maemo a ts'epahalang.

 

Ho kenya le Ts'ebetso

 

Litaelo tsa ho Kenya

Ho kenya transformer ho kenyelletsa ho latela ka nepotataisoho etsa bonnete ba ho kopanya ka mokhoa o se nang moeli tsamaisong ea motlakase.Ho utloisisa karolo e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea karolo ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho kenya katleho, ho qala kaho hlahloba KVAkapa mojaro oa MVA ho thibela ho tlala.Tlhokomelo ea Transformertsepamisa maikutlo hoho lekola maemo a olile ho thibela ho kenella ha mongobo, ho sireletsa bophelo ba nako e telele ea transformer.

• Sheba KVAkapa mojaro oa MVA ho transformer pele o kenya.
• Ngola mojaro ho etsa bonnete ba hore ha o fete matla a transformer.
• Lekola maemo a oli khafetsa ho boloka ts'ebetso e nepahetseng.
• Thibela mongobo ho kena ka tankeng ho qoba mathata a ts'ebetso.

Likhothaletso tsa ho Hlakola

Litlhahiso tsa ho hlakola li bohlokoa bakeng sa ho kenya li-transformer ka hare le ka ntle.Bakeng sa li-transformer tse tletseng metsi tse behiloeng ka ntle, ho tlameha ho lateloa litataiso tse khethehileng ho netefatsa polokeho le katleho.Li-transformer tsa mofuta o omileng tse kentsoeng ka matlung li hloka sebaka se lekaneng bakeng sa phepelo ea moea le phihlello ea tlhokomelo.

• Latela likhothaletso tsa tumello bakeng sa li-transformer tse tlatsitsoeng ka metsi kantle.
• Netefatsa sebaka se nepahetseng lipakeng tsa li-transformer bakeng sa moea.
• Mehaho e ka hare e lokela ho lumella ho fihlella habonolo bakeng sa mesebetsi ea tlhokomelo.

 

Litaelo tsa ts'ebetso

Ts'ebetso e sebetsang ea transformer e itšetlehile ka ho khomarela ka tieo melao-motheo ea ts'ebetso e etelletsang pele polokeho le ts'ebetso.Ho beha leihlo le ho laola likarolo tsa bohlokoa joalo ka motlakase oa impedance le matla a matla li bohlokoa bakeng sa ho boloka ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng tlasa meroalo e fapaneng.

• Lekola voltage ea impedance khafetsa nakong ea ts'ebetso.
• Boloka matla a tsitsitseng ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea matla.
• PhethahatsaNEMALitekanyetso tsa ICS bakeng sa ts'ebetso e bolokehileng le e tšepahalang.

Tlhokomelo le Taolo

Ho beha leihlo liparamente tsa li-transformer ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho qoba mathata a ka bakang ho hloleha kapa ho se sebetse hantle.Ho hlahloba khafetsa maemo a molumo o utloahalang ho ka bontša ho se tloaelehe ha ts'ebetso, e leng ho susumelletsang ho kenella ka nako ho thibela tšenyo e eketsehileng.

"Ho beha leihlo khafetsa maemo a molumo o utloahalang ho etsa bonnete ba hore ho fumanoa liphoso tsa ts'ebetso kapele."

Mekhoa ea Tšohanyetso

Ho theha mekhoa e hlakileng ea tšohanyetso ho bohlokoa ho fokotsa likotsi nakong ea liketsahalo tse sa lebelloang.Ho ba le liprothokholo bakeng sa maemo a kang ho phahama ha motlakase ka tšohanyetso kapa ho se sebetse hantle ha lisebelisoa ho matlafatsa mehato ea polokeho ka har'a setsi, ho sireletsa basebetsi le thepa kotsing.

"Mekhoa e hlalositsoeng ea tšohanyetso e thusa ho arabela ka potlako nakong ea maemo a mahlonoko, ho fokotsa nako ea ho theoha le ho netefatsa polokeho ea basebetsi."

 

Litsamaiso tsa Drive tse Fetohang

Phethahatso eaLitsamaiso tsa Drive tse Fetohange fana ka taolo e ntlafalitsoeng holim'a lebelo la enjine, e ntlafatsa ts'ebeliso ea matla lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng tsa indasteri.Ho utloisisa ts'ebetso ea li-drive tsa lebelo tse feto-fetohang ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ha o ntse o boloka ts'epahalo ea ts'ebetso.

• Sebelisa li-drive tsa lebelo tse feto-fetohang ho laola lebelo la makoloi ka nepo.
• Ntlafatsa ts'ebeliso ea matla a matla ka ho lokisa lebelo la makoloi ho ipapisitse le ho fetoha ha tlhokahalo.
• Lisebelisoa tsa indasteri li rua molemo taolong e nepahetseng e fanoang ke litsamaiso tsa ho khanna ka lebelo tse feto-fetohang.

Ho etsa bonnete ba ho latelamelao ea li-transformere bohlokoa bakeng sa ho boloka polokeho le ho thibela likotsi tse ka bang teng.Tlhokomelo ea kamehla e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa hoho hlwaya le ho fokotsa dikotsi tsa polokeho, ho netefatsa sebaka se sireletsehileng sa mosebetsi le ho thibela mello ea motlakase le ho phatloha.Ka ho ikamahanya le melao le maemo a bohlokoa joalo kaUL, KOLO, VDE, leCE, mekhatlo e ka ts'ehetsa botšepehi ba ts'ebetso le ho tšepahala.Ho totobatsa tlhokahalo ea tlhahlobo le tlhokomelo ea kamehla ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho netefatsa ts'ebetso ea transformer le bophelo bo bolelele.Ha re sheba pele, ho beha mekhoa ea polokeho pele ho tla ba bohlokoa ho ikamahanya le maemo a nako e tlang a theknoloji ea transformer.